Question

In addition to aggressive refeeding, which of the following places a patient at high risk for hypophosphatemia?

1: Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA)
2: Tumor lysis syndrome
3: Vitamin D deficiency
4: Acute kidney injury(AKI)

Answer 1

Factors that increase the risk for hypophosphatemia include Diabetic ketoacidosis, Tumor lysis syndrome, and Acute kidney injury. Vitamin D deficiency mainly causes hypocalcemia rather than hypophosphatemia directly.

Step-by-step explanation:

In addition to aggressive refeeding, factors that place a patient at high risk for hypophosphatemia, which is abnormally low blood phosphate levels, include Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), Tumor lysis syndrome, and Acute kidney injury (AKI). While Vitamin D deficiency is generally associated with hypocalcemia and could lead to problems with bone mineralization such as rickets, it does not directly cause hypophosphatemia. In DKA, high rates of urinary glucose loss can lead to phosphate depletion. Tumor lysis syndrome can lead to an overload of phosphate being released into the blood, initially causing hyperphosphatemia, but this can lead to secondary hypophosphatemia once the body tries to correct the imbalance. Lastly, AKI can affect the kidneys' ability to conserve phosphate leading to hypophosphatemia.