Question

Sorbitol-induced hypokalemia is caused by

1: inadequate dietary intake.
2: increased renal potassium loss.
3: excess potassium loss in the stool.
4: transcellular shift of potassium from the extracellular fluid into cells.

Answer 1

Sorbitol-induced hypokalemia is typically due to increased renal potassium loss and is associated with changes in the kidneys' regulation of potassium levels, rather than due to inadequate dietary intake, excess stool loss, or intracellular shifts.

Step-by-step explanation:

Sorbitol-induced hypokalemia is a condition where there is an abnormally low level of potassium in the blood. In the context of sorbitol, hypokalemia is typically due to increased renal potassium loss. The kidneys regulate serum potassium levels through various mechanisms, including sodium delivery to the distal nephron, urine flow, vasopressin levels, acid-base status, and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Sorbitol can cause osmotic diuresis, leading to increased urinary excretion and loss of potassium. This effect is more directly tied to renal potassium loss rather than inadequate dietary intake, excess loss in the stool, or a shift of potassium into cells. It's important to understand that potassium levels are tightly controlled, and changes in potassium excretion can lead to hypokalemia.