Final answer:
The correct answer to the question is Methadone, which requires a two-week washout period when transitioning from hydromorphone due to its long-acting properties and risk of interaction with other opioids.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question is asking which substance requires a two-week washout period when transitioning from hydromorphone. The correct answer is D) Methadone. Methadone is a long-acting opioid medication used to treat chronic pain and opioid dependency. Due to its prolonged half-life and the risk of interactions, a washout period is often recommended between the discontinuation of one opioid and the initiation of another, particularly when switching from methadone to other opioids. This is because the long half-life can lead to cumulative effects or increased risk of side effects such as respiratory depression.
Both morphine and codeine are derived from opium, with codeine being the less potent of the two. Oxycodone, another opioid analgesic, is similar in structure and effect to morphine and codeine, but is used specifically for moderate to severe pain and has a different pharmacokinetic profile. Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that is much more potent than morphine and is used for severe pain control. It is not specifically mentioned as requiring a two-week washout period like methadone does.