Final answer:
The most likely laboratory test ordered for a patient with side pain and dysuria suspecting a kidney infection is a urinalysis. This test helps to detect the presence of infection through the analysis of urine and is a crucial step in diagnosing and treating urinary tract infections.
Step-by-step explanation:
If a patient is experiencing pain in their sides and dysuria, which is difficulty in urination, and the provider suspects a kidney infection, the most likely laboratory test to be ordered is a urinalysis.
A urinalysis is an important initial test that can provide a quick indication of kidney health and detect a urinary tract infection. This test evaluates the urine's color, concentration, and content, including the presence of white blood cells, red blood cells, and bacteria. If an infection is suspected, a urine culture may also be conducted to identify the specific bacteria causing the infection, which is crucial in choosing the most effective antibiotic treatment.
In cases of suspected pyelonephritis, which is an inflammation of the kidney, additional tests such as a blood culture may be necessary to evaluate if the infection has spread to the bloodstream. However, for initial diagnosis and to address symptoms like those provided - side pain and dysuria - urinalysis is the common starting point for laboratory testing.