Final answer:
The NSAID that is an irreversible COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor and serves as an effective antiplatelet is Aspirin. Aspirin's unique mechanism of action involves an irreversible acetylation of the COX enzymes, which is distinct from the reversible inhibition by other NSAIDs like ibuprofen and naproxen.
Step-by-step explanation:
Irreversible COX-1 and COX-2 Inhibitor
The NSAID that is an irreversible COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor and an effective antiplatelet is D) Aspirin. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin inhibit the conversion of arachidonic acid into prostaglandins which are responsible for pain and inflammation. Aspirin uniquely deactivates the cyclooxygenase enzyme by transferring an acetyl group to this enzyme's active site. This action prevents the formation of thromboxanes, which are compounds that can promote blood clotting, and therefore makes aspirin an effective antiplatelet agent. Unlike other NSAIDs such as ibuprofen and naproxen, which have a reversible binding to COX enzymes, aspirin provides an irreversible modification, leading to a prolonged effect. This property of aspirin is particularly useful in preventing unwanted blood clots that can lead to heart attacks and strokes in patients at risk of coronary heart disease.
Considerations for NSAID Use
Although NSAIDs are effective for managing pain, inflammation, and preventing blood clots, they can have side effects such as gastrointestinal ulcers and bleeds, heart attacks, and kidney disease when used long-term. It is important for individuals to take these medications under the guidance of a healthcare professional to minimize potential risks.