Final answer:
A parody contains satire and exaggeration to create humor and expose peculiarities. Satire criticizes human shortcomings by provoking laughter and reflection, and while related to irony and sarcasm, it is a distinct literary form with a broader approach.
Step-by-step explanation:
A parody contains satire and exaggeration for humor and exposes idiosyncrasies. The correct answer to the given question is option 1) Satire. Satire utilizes humor, exaggeration, or ridicule to criticize and expose human vices and follies. It is a literary technique that makes the audience laugh while simultaneously reflecting on the underlying serious issues. Authors like Jonathan Swift have masterfully used satire to criticize societal and political practices, often requiring readers to engage in thoughtful reflection to grasp the satirical elements.
Satire is distinct from irony, which may involve stating something in such a way that it is understood to mean its opposite, and sarcasm, which is often sharper, more cutting, or more contemptuous. While these techniques can be used for similar purposes of criticism or highlighting absurdities, satire is a broader approach that often encapsulates both irony and humorous exaggeration to make its point.