Final answer:
Autoinducing proteins are responsible for preventing the binding of the alternate sigma factor to Lux mRNA in Vibrio harveyi, allowing for the translation of bioluminescent genes.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process responsible for bioluminescence in Vibrio harveyi is mediated by autoinducing proteins. These proteins prevent an alternate sigma factor from binding to Lux mRNA, which allows for the translation of bioluminescent genes.