Final answer:
The first thing a patient should do when changing a transdermal patch is to remove the old patch gently. They should then clean and dry the area before applying a new patch to a different location, following the specific instructions provided.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a patient is changing a transdermal patch, the first thing they should do is to carefully remove the old patch. This involves gently peeling it away from the skin, starting from one corner and pulling smoothly so as to avoid irritation. Afterwards, it is crucial to clean the area with water and mild soap, patting it dry gently. Before applying a new patch, they should make sure the skin is completely dry and free of any residue from the previous patch or skin care products, as these can affect how well the new patch adheres and functions.
It's also important for patients to rotate the site of application with each new patch to minimize the risk of skin irritation. Sites should be rotated in a systematic way, avoiding the same spot for consecutive applications. This step helps in ensuring more effective absorption and reduces the risk of sensitizing the skin.
The patient should then follow the specific instructions provided on the patch's packaging or by their healthcare provider for applying the new patch. The instructions might include guidelines on where to apply the patch, how to secure it, and how long to leave it on. It is crucial to follow these instructions precisely for optimal effectiveness and safety.