Final answer:
Complications from pressure ulcers mainly affect the cardiovascular and urinary systems. Pressure ulcers damage skin and underlying tissue, leading to infections that can impact these systems by increasing infection risk and possibly leading to sepsis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The body systems that are particularly susceptible to complications from pressure ulcers are the skin and any underlying tissues, as well as the cardiovascular system and the urinary system. Pressure ulcers, commonly known as bedsores, are areas of damaged skin and tissue that develop when sustained pressure cuts off circulation to vulnerable parts of the body, often near bony areas. This leads to tissue necrosis or tissue death. The reduced blood flow and subsequent lack of oxygen and nutrients can cause serious infections and are detrimental to one's health.
Compromised skin integrity can lead to bacterial invasion and infections, possibly affecting the lymphatic system. Prolonged pressure may also have an indirect effect on the respiratory system due to reduced mobility and potential suboptimal respiratory function from prolonged bed rest. However, the cardiovascular and urinary systems are directly impacted by the stress and infection that can result from the ulcers. In the urinary system, the risk of infection increases, potentially leading to conditions such as urinary tract infections and more severe kidney complications. The cardiovascular system is affected by the possible spread of infection through the bloodstream, which can lead to sepsis, a life-threatening immune response to infection.