Question

What is the result of successful communication between rhizobia and their plant hosts?

1) Rhizobia consume the plant tissue as an energy and carbon source, causing disease in the plant.
2) The plant consumes rhizobia as an energy source and carbon, destroying the invading bacteria.
3) The rhizobia invade the plant root and begin to fix nitrogen with the assistance of the plant.
4) The plant supplies organic forms of nitrogen to the rhizobia.

Answer 1

Successful communication between rhizobia and their plant hosts results in symbiotic nitrogen fixation, benefiting both organisms and the soil.

Step-by-step explanation:

Successful communication between rhizobia and their plant hosts results in a process called symbiotic nitrogen fixation. When rhizobia, which are nitrogen-fixing bacteria, interact with legume roots, specialized structures called nodules are formed. In these nodules, nitrogen fixation takes place, converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia. The plant benefits from an endless supply of nitrogen, the bacteria obtain carbon compounds for energy, and the soil is naturally fertilized. Therefore, rhizobia and legume plants form a mutually beneficial relationship.