Final answer:
Exfoliation is the correct answer and involves using chemical solutions to promote desquamation of the stratum corneum, enhancing skin cell turnover and maintaining skin health.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that describes the use of chemical solutions to dissolve or reduce dead skin cells and desmosomes, promote cell turnover, and induce desquamation of the stratum corneum is A. Exfoliation. Exfoliation uses various methods, including chemical solutions known as exfoliants, to accelerate the removal of dead skin cells from the stratum corneum, therefore promoting the renewal of new skin cells. This action of exfoliation helps keep the skin looking fresh and healthy by aiding in cell turnover.
Desquamation is essential because it helps to prevent infections by reducing the microbial load on the skin. As the stratum corneum is composed of 15 to 30 layers of dry, dead cells that help prevent microbial penetration and dehydration of tissues, regular shedding of these cells—desquamation—allows for the removal of microbes that live on the skin's surface.