Final answer:
The term for acids naturally occurring in foods is 'carboxylic acids', contributing to the sour taste of fruits like lemons and oranges and found in items like vinegar. They include citric acid, ascorbic acid, and phosphoric acid.
Step-by-step explanation:
The term used for a group of acids that occur naturally in foods is carboxylic acids. These organic acids are widely found in fruits, vegetables, and other natural food sources.
For example, citrus fruits like oranges and lemons are rich in citric acid and ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C. Vinegar, a common household item, contains acetic acid. Moreover, our own stomachs use hydrochloric acid to digest food efficiently.
These acids are characterized by their distinct sour taste, which is why sour-tasting fruits commonly contain carboxylic acids. Phosphoric acid is another example which is found in carbonated sodas. These acids not only contribute to the flavor profile of foods but also influence other properties, such as the ripening of fruits.