Final answer:
When crossing two RrYy plants producing 320 seeds, you’d expect approximately 180 yellow and round seeds, 20 green and wrinkled seeds, 60 green and round seeds, and 60 yellow and wrinkled seeds, following the law of independent assortment.
Step-by-step explanation:
If you cross two plants with the genotype RrYy, you would expect to see offspring distributed among four different phenotypes according to the law of independent assortment. The law of independent assortment, along with the dominance of round (R) over wrinkled (r) seed shape and yellow (Y) over green (y) seed color, means gametes can be formed independently for each gene. So, when crossing two RrYy plants, we apply the product rule to the ratios derived for each trait separately.
For yellow and round seeds, the probability is the product of the probabilities of being round (3/4) and being yellow (3/4), which gives us (3/4) × (3/4) = 9/16. For green and wrinkled seeds, the probability is the product of both recessive traits, giving us (1/4) × (1/4) = 1/16. The green and round seeds have a probability of (3/4) × (1/4) = 3/16, and the same calculation applies to yellow and wrinkled seeds.
Given that 320 seeds are produced, we can calculate the number of seeds for each phenotype by multiplying its probability with the total number of seeds:
- Yellow and round: (9/16) × 320 = 180 seeds
- Green and wrinkled: (1/16) × 320 = 20 seeds
- Green and round: (3/16) × 320 = 60 seeds
- Yellow and wrinkled: (3/16) × 320 = 60 seeds