Final answer:
The incorrect statement in the options provided is that the poor and rich have exactly similar capital, which goes against Bourdieu's findings on social inequality and capital distribution. Bourdieu's framework of symbolic instruments includes cultural capital, among others, which plays a critical role in determining social status and perpetuating social inequalities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question refers to Pierre Bourdieu's concept of symbolic instruments as part of his sociological theory. Bourdieu identified several types of capital, including economic, cultural, social, and symbolic. The options provided represent aspects of Bourdieu's theory, except for the statement that the poor and rich have exactly similar capital, which is incorrect and not consistent with Bourdieu's arguments about social inequality and the distribution of capital in society.
In Bourdieu's theory, cultural capital pertains to knowledge, skills, education, and any advantages a person has, which provides them with a higher status in society. It can be embodied in forms like dialect, objectified in possessions, or institutionalized in academic credentials. Symbolic capital refers to the prestige, recognition, and honor that one possesses, enhancing other forms of capital such as economic and cultural capital. These capitals are not distributed evenly across different social classes, contributing to social class reproduction. Bourdieu's work highlights how education and tests often reflect and favor the dominant culture, perpetuating the power structures within society.