Final answer:
In Carpenter v. United States, the Supreme Court ruled that accessing historical cell phone records without a warrant is unconstitutional, extending protections against warrantless search and seizure.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Supreme Court reached the decision it did in Carpenter v. United States to extend the protection against illegal search and seizure to include warrantless location tracking. This decision was built on the precedent set by United States v. Jones in 2012, where the prohibition of illegal search and seizure was extended to warrantless GPS tracking. In Carpenter, the court decided that obtaining historical cell phone records that show a person's location and movements without a warrant was an invasion of privacy and thus, unconstitutional.