Final answer:
The Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA) prevents private employers from requiring polygraph tests from employees or applicants, with some exemptions. Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 also plays a key role in employment by prohibiting discrimination.
Step-by-step explanation:
The act that prevents private employers from requiring applicants or employees to take a polygraph test for preemployment screening or during the course of employment, with certain exemptions, is the Employee Polygraph Protection Act (EPPA).
The EPPA is a federal law established to protect employees and job applicants from being forced to take a lie detector test, with only a few exceptions such as for security and pharmaceutical industries. Apart from the EPPA, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is another crucial piece of legislation that prohibits discrimination in employment on the basis of race, gender, national origin, religion, or sexual orientation.