Final answer:
The extent to which a measurement instrument measures what it is intended to measure is called validity. Validity refers to the accuracy and relevancy of the measurements in capturing the intended concept or variable.
Step-by-step explanation:
The extent to which a measurement instrument measures what it is intended to measure is called validity. Validity refers to the accuracy and relevancy of the measurements in capturing the intended concept or variable.
For example, if a survey is designed to measure students' satisfaction with their school cafeteria, the survey questions should accurately measure the students' satisfaction and not something else.
In contrast, reliability refers to the consistency or stability of measurement results. A reliable measurement consistently produces similar results when repeated under the same conditions. In the context of the survey mentioned earlier, if the survey questions consistently yield similar responses from students when administered multiple times, it indicates reliability.