Final answer:
a) Balloon framing. Balloon framing is a construction method where continuous wood studs run from the foundation to the roof, and floors are placed on a shelf called ribbon board that hangs on the interior surface of the studs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is a) Balloon framing. Balloon framing is a construction method where continuous wood studs run from the foundation to the roof, and floors are placed on a shelf called ribbon board that hangs on the interior surface of the studs. This method was commonly used in the 19th century and allowed for taller, multistory buildings to be constructed. It was later replaced by platform framing, where each floor is built separately on top of the previous one.