Final answer:
Aristotle's virtue ethics have undoubtedly influenced modern thought, but contemporary philosophers like John Rawls have further refined ethical theories to better fit modern society's complex morality and legal frameworks.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to the text, Aristotle's virtue ethics provide the first crucial steps in thinking rightly about justice; however, whether his ideas are somewhat outdated for our modern society isn't a true or false matter but requires nuanced consideration. Aristotle's virtue ethics—a system of thought where virtuous character and 'eudaimonia', or human flourishing, are central—has indeed inspired contemporary discussions on character education and the role of society in cultivating virtues. However, figures like John Rawls and pluralists like Sir William David Ross have since expanded upon or critiqued Aristotle's work to adapt ethical theory to modern contexts. As Rawls's work on Justice as Fairness has significantly shaped modern legal systems, we see that Aristotle's fundamentals continue to inform but are refined by subsequent philosophical advancements to meet contemporary societal needs.