Final answer:
The question is about fiber optics, which use total internal reflection within plastic or glass fibers to transmit light efficiently for telecommunications and internet over long distances with low loss, high bandwidth, and reduced crosstalk.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept in question involves fiber optics, which is the transmission of light down fibers made of plastic or glass, using the principle of total internal reflection. Optical fibers are typically surrounded by cladding material that has a lower index of refraction than the core to prevent light from being transmitted between fibers in a bundle, which otherwise could occur if the indices of refraction were identical. Through total internal reflection back into the fiber core, the loss of signal is minimized, and a high quality of the transmitted image or signal is ensured. These fibers are known for their low loss, high bandwidth, and reduced crosstalk, making them an excellent medium for telephone conversations and Internet communications over long distances.