Final answer:
The Classical Viewpoint in business encompasses Scientific Management, which aims to enhance efficiency through scientific techniques, and Administrative Management, which focuses on establishing effective organizational processes and management principles.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Classical Viewpoint in management theory primarily consists of two theoretical frameworks: Scientific Management and Administrative Management. These theories originated during the industrial revolution to address the need for more efficient business practices. Scientific Management, pioneered by Frederick Taylor, focuses on optimizing work through scientific methods, such as time-and-motion studies, to increase productivity.
Administrative Management, on the other hand, was introduced by theorists like Henri Fayol and focuses on the management process and principles of management, emphasizing the importance of proper business organization and administrative processes.