Final answer:
Postformal thought is the approach to problem solving in adulthood that incorporates past experiences, logical reasoning, and evaluates the relative benefits and costs of a decision. It contrasts with the more abstract reasoning often seen in adolescence and involves a pragmatic, flexible approach to each unique scenario.
Step-by-step explanation:
The concept that problem solving in adulthood must incorporate prior experiences, logical reasoning, and an assessment of the relative benefits and costs is known as postformal thought. This idea suggests that adults possess problem-solving abilities which are nuanced and can navigate different contexts by integrating logic with emotion and recognizing the importance of the situation's specific nuances.
Compared to adolescents' more abstract and hypothetical reasoning, postformal thought entails a more pragmatic and flexible approach, acknowledging that different scenarios require tailored solutions. Adults, who engage in postformal thinking, will typically draw on their past experiences and may apply heuristics for efficiency, but will also engage in deeper analysis when faced with novel or complex challenges.