Final answer:
During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and the centromeres divide. They are pulled apart by the shortening of the spindle fibers, resulting in each pole of the cell having a complete set of chromosomes.
Step-by-step explanation:
During anaphase, sister chromatids separate and the centromeres divide. The sister chromatids are pulled apart by the shortening of the spindle fibers. This is a little like reeling in a fish by shortening the fishing line. One sister chromatid moves to one pole of the cell, and the other sister chromatid moves to the opposite pole. At the end of anaphase, each pole of the cell has a complete set of chromosomes.