Final answer:
A chromosome with a centromere near the end is called telocentric, and sister chromatids are separated during anaphase II of meiosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
The type of chromosome in which the centromere is located approximately at or very near the end is known as a telocentric chromosome. The centromere is a specific region of a chromosome that joins two sister chromatids together, and it is where the spindle fibers attach during cell division. If the centromere is at the very end, the chromosome has distinctively one arm, which is a characteristic of telocentric chromosomes. In the stages of meiosis, sister chromatids are separated from each other during anaphase II, which is the stage following metaphase II. This is the point at which the chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring that each new cell will receive one copy of each chromosome.