Final answer:
Vitamin D deficiency can cause muscle weakness and contribute to bone health disorders such as rickets and osteomalacia. It may also induce hyperparathyroidism due to low calcium levels. Hypotension and low serum lipid levels are not standard symptoms of this deficiency.
Step-by-step explanation:
Vitamin D (25, hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency can manifest in various ways, primarily affecting bone health and muscle function. Muscle weakness is a common symptom of vitamin D deficiency, as vitamin D is crucial for muscle function. Other complications linked to this deficiency include rickets in children, leading to bowed legs, and osteomalacia in adults, characterized by soft bones that are prone to fracture.
Contrary to decreased production and excretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D deficiency can actually lead to hyperparathyroidism, where PTH levels are increased due to low calcium levels, which in turn can be attributed to insufficient vitamin D. This can cause bones to weaken, resulting in deformations and fractures. Hypoparathyroidism, on the other hand, is characterized by an underproduction of PTH, which results in low blood calcium levels and can impair muscle function, causing conditions like tetany.
Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency does not typically cause hypotension or abnormally low serum lipid levels; these are not common manifestations of this condition.