Final answer:
The primary etiology of cardiac arrest in children can include congenital heart defects, respiratory failure, and trauma to the heart or sudden accidents.
Step-by-step explanation:
The primary etiology of cardiac arrest in children can vary, but one of the leading causes is often congenital heart defects. These are structural problems with the heart that are present at birth and can disrupt the normal flow of blood and oxygen. Examples of congenital heart defects include atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect, and tetralogy of Fallot.
Another common cause of cardiac arrest in children is respiratory failure. Severe respiratory illnesses like pneumonia or severe asthma attacks can cause a lack of oxygen in the blood, leading to cardiac arrest.
Additionally, trauma to the heart or sudden accidents can also lead to cardiac arrest in children. For example, a severe blow to the chest during sports or a car accident can cause an abnormal heart rhythm, resulting in cardiac arrest.