Final answer:
Gender encompasses differences in behavior as well as disparities in power, wealth, and privileges, contributing to social inequality.
Step-by-step explanation:
The textbook suggests that gender is associated with not just differences in behavior, but also distinctions rooted in power, wealth, and privileges. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is d. All of these responses are correct. Gender, from a sociological perspective, significantly influences socialization, creating societal norms that drive inequality through prescribed gender roles and expectations. This manifests in various spheres of life, from economic disparities to political representation.
Understanding the implications of gender requires awareness that sex and gender are distinct concepts, with sex referring to biological differences and gender to societal roles and expectations. Moreover, gender is not solely about the differential roles men and women play; it is deeply entangled with social structures and issues of power that disadvantage certain groups while privileging others, a concept which is central to feminist theory and the ongoing struggle for gender equality.