Final answer:
Japan, Canada, and Western European nations are classified as high-income countries with developed economies, characterized by their high standard of living and technological advancement.The correct option is a.
Step-by-step explanation:
Japan, Canada, and the nations of Western Europe are all classified as high-income countries. These countries have developed economies with high gross national income (GNI) per capita. In comparing economic classifications, the World Bank divides the world's economies into four income categories: high, upper-middle, lower-middle, and low income. The high-income classification is determined based on GNI per capita, and the countries in the question exceed the threshold set by the World Bank. These nations are characterized by a high standard of living, advanced technological infrastructure, and a generally high Human Development Index (HDI).