Final answer:
Freud described the superego as the part of the mind that functions as a conscience, punishing misbehavior with feelings of guilt.
Step-by-step explanation:
The part of the mind that Sigmund Freud described as being like a conscience that punishes misbehavior with feelings of guilt is the superego. The superego acts as our moral compass, striving for perfection and judging our behavior, which can lead to feelings of guilt when we do not meet the ideal standards. In Freud's theory, the superego develops through interactions with our environment and learning social norms for right and wrong, forming the moral aspect of our personality that contrasts the pleasure-seeking urges of the id and the reality-focused ego.