Final answer:
The scenario of a sociology professor unable to grade a chemistry test illustrates 'specialization' within bureaucracy, emphasizing role-specific skills and responsibilities.
Step-by-step explanation:
The scenario described highlights 'specialization' as a key aspect of bureaucracy. This concept is exemplified in the case where a sociology professor may not possess the knowledge or expertise to grade a chemistry test, as bureaucracies have a 'clear division of labor,' where each individual has a specific role. Specialization in bureaucracies ensures that tasks are performed by those most qualified, but it can also lead to challenges in flexibility and addressing tasks outside one's scope. The scenario of a sociology professor unable to grade a chemistry test illustrates 'specialization' within bureaucracy, emphasizing role-specific skills and responsibilities.