Final answer:
Non-coding DNA controls gene regulation, DNA packaging, and chromosomal stability and contributes to the production of small noncoding RNA molecules. It also plays a role in epigenetic regulation, affecting gene expression without altering the nucleotide sequence.
Step-by-step explanation:
Some of our non-coding DNA controls various aspects of gene regulation, DNA packaging, chromosomal stability, and the production of small noncoding RNA molecules. These regions, previously regarded as 'junk DNA,' are now understood to possess significant roles in the cell, despite not encoding proteins or stable RNA products.
For example, noncoding DNA is involved in epigenetic regulation, which includes heritable chemical modifications of the DNA and chromosomal proteins that do not change the nucleotide sequence but can turn genes on or off. Moreover, a large portion of the genome is transcribed into RNA that plays a role in gene regulation, showing the complexity and precision of genetic information control within a cell.