Question

A patient underwent cranial surgery. What actions should the nurse perform to prevent increased intracranial pressure (ICP)? Select all that apply.

-Turn and position the patient appropriately.

-Assess the patient's weight loss after surgery.

-Frequently assess the patient's neurologic status.

-Monitor the patient's serum creatinine and lipid profile.

-Closely monitor fluid and electrolyte levels and serum osmolality.

Answer 1

To prevent increased intracranial pressure (ICP) after cranial surgery, a nurse should turn and position the patient correctly, frequently assess their neurologic status, and monitor fluid and electrolyte levels and serum osmolality.

Step-by-step explanation:

A patient who has undergone cranial surgery requires careful nursing management to prevent increased intracranial pressure. The nurse's actions should include:

• Turning and positioning the patient appropriately, avoiding positions that can obstruct jugular venous outflow or increase intrathoracic pressure.
• Frequently assessing the patient's neurologic status to detect changes in level of consciousness, pupil size and reactivity, and motor function.
• Closely monitoring fluid and electrolyte levels and serum osmolality to stabilize blood volume and osmotic balance, preventing shifts in fluid that may raise ICP.

Additionally, while not directly related to preventing increased ICP, monitoring the patient's serum creatinine and lipid profile can be important for overall health assessment and recovery management.