Final answer:
The top priority for nursing intervention in a patient with a ventriculostomy for increased ICP is to maintain strict aseptic technique to prevent infection. Other important considerations include monitoring for changes in ICP due to leaking CSF, and administering medications and therapies as needed to manage ICP.
Step-by-step explanation:
The priority nursing intervention for a patient with increased intracranial pressure (ICP) due to a brain tumor who is being monitored with a ventriculostomy is to use strict aseptic technique with dressing changes. This is crucial to prevent infection, one of the potential complications associated with intracranial pressure monitoring systems. Additionally, while other interventions such as administering intravenous (IV) mannitol, using a ventilator to hyper oxygenate the patient, and being aware of changes in ICP related to leaking cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are important, maintaining a sterile environment for the invasive monitoring device is the most immediate concern to reduce the risk of infection.
Considering the importance of CSF in cushioning and protecting the brain and spinal cord, as well as facilitating the circulation of nutrients and removal of waste products, a balanced intracranial environment is critical. An imbalance, such as what occurs in hydrocephalus, can lead to serious complications including seizures, cognitive issues, and even death if not properly managed with a device like a shunt to remove excess fluid and pressure.