Final answer:
Dionysus is the Greek god of fertility, wine, vegetation, and festivities. Known to the Romans as Bacchus, he was characterized by joyous excess and was a patron of the arts, especially theatre.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Greek god associated with fertility, wine, vegetation, and good times is Dionysus. Dionysus, known to the Romans as Bacchus, was celebrated for his influence on wine and vegetation and was regarded as a patron of the arts, particularly theatre. Referred to in various texts, art, and mythology, he was also a figure representing ecstasy and merriment. For instance, depictions of Dionysus in art include terracotta representations that portray him as the influencing figure behind theatrical masks used by Greek actors.
Zeus, the king of the gods, was the father of Dionysus. Hera, Zeus's wife, was known for both her position as the goddess of marriage and her jealousy of Zeus's numerous affairs. Unlike Zeus or Hera, Dionysus did not reside on Mount Olympus, but rather he roamed the Earth, teaching people how to cultivate vines and enjoy wine. He was accompanied by creatures known as satyrs and maenads who engaged in Bacchic rituals, reveling in the festivities of wine, dance, and song.