Final answer:
Indian mathematics significantly contributed to modern math through the introduction of the decimal system with zero, advancements in geometry, and the improvement of algebra and trigonometry due to cultural exchanges between Greeks, Indians, and Arabs.
Step-by-step explanation:
The contributions of Indian mathematics to our modern day math are numerous and varied. One of the key contributions is the introduction of the decimal system, which includes the concept of zero, a revolutionary idea that significantly advanced the field of mathematics. This system greatly influenced Arabic numerals, which were then adopted in Europe, replacing Roman numerals. Additionally, Indian mathematicians made significant strides in geometry, being among the first to use decimals and zero for precise measurements. They also made notable calculations in π (pi), accurately determining the circumference of the earth, as well as the timing of lunar and solar eclipses. In terms of algebra, the influence of Indian mathematics merged with Arabic and Persian work, as seen in the contributions of mathematicians like al-Khwarizmi, enabling the development of algebra that further spurred scientific and mathematical advancement during the European Renaissance.
In the realm of trigonometry, the work of the Indian philosopher Aryabhata provided a strong foundation for the field. The cultural exchange between Greek, Indian, and Arab mathematicians significantly propelled the understanding and development of mathematics across civilizations. This exchange played a pivotal role in the growth of scientific knowledge during the Scientific Revolution and the Enlightenment, with the development of algebra being a direct result of this scholarly interconnectivity.