Final answer:
The rainbow spectrum is arranged by dispersion, and involves different colors associated with different wavelengths due to refraction. Red has the longest wavelength, so the answer is B) Wavelength.
Step-by-step explanation:
A rainbow is a spectrum arranged by dispersion, with red's being the longest. The correct answer to the question is B) Wavelength.
Dispersion is the process that separates white light into a continuous distribution of colors, which occurs when light changes direction due to refraction. This change is dependent on the wavelength of the light. In the case of a rainbow, light enters raindrops and is refracted at different angles depending on its wavelength. Shorter wavelengths (violet and blue) are refracted more than longer wavelengths (red), leading to the spread of colors that we see in a rainbow.
Concerning the options provided:
- Colors with a shorter wavelength and higher frequency bend most when refracted.
- Yellow, blue, and red light waves can be arranged from shortest to longest wavelength as: blue, yellow, red.
- According to frequency, they are arranged from lowest to highest frequency as: red, yellow, blue.
Overall, the sequence of colors in rainbows corresponds to the sequence of colors plotted against wavelength.