Final answer:
According to Emile Durkheim, the division of specialized workers results in alienation. This occurs when society transitions from mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity. In capitalist societies, the division of labor becomes highly specialized, causing workers to feel disconnected from themselves and others in society.
Step-by-step explanation:
According to Emile Durkheim, the division of labor, or specialized workers, results in the alienation of individuals. Durkheim argued that as society becomes more complex, there is a shift from mechanical solidarity to organic solidarity. In capitalist societies, the division of labor becomes so specialized that everyone is doing different things, leading to the alienation of workers from themselves and others in society.