Final answer:
Secondary groups are large, impersonal social organizations focused on specific tasks or goals that individuals join due to shared interests or for transactional purposes.
Step-by-step explanation:
Secondary groups are systems of consumers that are formed based on common interest, associations, or goals. Unlike primary groups, which are typically small, involve close, emotional, and long-term relationships, secondary groups are often larger, more impersonal, task-oriented, and time-limited. They fill practical needs in society and can fluctuate, with people moving in and out of these groups more freely.
Examples of secondary groups include a classroom setting or a workplace, where the interaction is mostly focused on accomplishing a specific task. While these groups serve an instrumental function, they can sometimes evolve into a more primary group as relationships within them deepen over time. Secondary groups can also act as a reference group providing values, norms, and beliefs that serve as standards for individuals' behavior.
It is important to note that the term 'social networks' refers to the connections between individuals, 'social media' is a platform for these connections, and 'dissociative groups' are those from which people wish to disassociate themselves. Therefore, the answer to the question is 'D) Secondary groups.'