Final answer:
The Apache Ambari architecture component that provides statistical data to the dashboard about the performance of a Hadoop cluster is the Ambari Metrics System. It collects and stores data from various Hadoop components and uses the Ganglia monitoring framework.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Ambari Metrics System component of the Apache Ambari architecture provides statistical data to the dashboard about the performance of a Hadoop cluster. It collects and stores metrics data from various Hadoop components, such as NameNode, DataNode, and ResourceManager, and makes it available for visualization in the Ambari dashboard.
The Ambari Metrics System uses the Ganglia monitoring framework to collect and aggregate metrics data. Ganglia agents installed on each Hadoop component send metric information to a central Ganglia server, which is then accessed by the Ambari Metrics System.
The performance data obtained from the Ambari Metrics System helps system administrators and developers monitor and optimize the performance of their Hadoop clusters. It provides insights into various aspects of the cluster, such as resource utilization, network traffic, and task execution, allowing them to take informed actions to improve cluster performance.