Final answer:
Theology is the study of the nature of the divine and is distinct from the natural sciences, which include disciplines such as physiology, geophysics, and agriculture. To be a psychology professor, one would typically need a PhD in Psychology, showcasing theology's unique focus on religious aspects.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nature of a deity is described in the academic study of Theology. Theology is a field of study that is often offered at universities, particularly within schools or departments dedicated to the subject. It encompasses the critical study of the nature of the divine, religious beliefs, and the practice of religious faith. Examining the characteristics and philosophies related to deities is central to the study of theology, differentiating it from other sciences which may focus on the natural universe or the laws of physics.
Regarding the fields of study that are branches of science, physiology, geophysics, and agriculture are considered scientific disciplines, as they employ scientific methods to understand physical, chemical, and biological processes. Politics, on the other hand, is categorized under social sciences as it primarily deals with human behavior and societal structures, rather than natural processes.
To become a psychology professor at a four-year college, the typically required degree would be a PhD in Psychology. Psychology is the field that delves into the understanding of the mind and behavior, which before becoming a distinct academic discipline, was addressed by those in various philosophical and theological contexts.