Final answer:
The country with a piano competition named after Arthur Rubinstein is Poland. Additional historical facts include Germany being the first to provide health insurance for workers, Russia's late industrialization due to lack of free labor, and Chinese laborers' exclusion from the US in 1882.
Step-by-step explanation:
The country that has a piano competition named after Arthur Rubinstein is Poland. Arthur Rubinstein was a renowned pianist born in Poland who later moved to the United States. The international piano competition named in his honor, the Arthur Rubinstein International Piano Master Competition, is held in Poland and is one of the most prestigious piano competitions in the world.
In relation to the additional context provided, each of the multiple-choice questions pertains to a different historical fact about different countries:
Germany was the first country to provide health insurance for workers.
Russia was initially prevented from industrializing due to a lack of free laborers.
Chinese immigrant laborers were excluded from the United States with the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882.
Famous artist Jean Arp, born in the Alsace-Lorraine region when it was under German control, later had to change his name to Jean due to French law after the region reverted to France following World War I.