Final answer:
The correct answer is A) Dome of the Rock, a Muslim holy site built on the Temple Mount alongside the Al-Aqsa Mosque after the fall of the Second Temple.
Step-by-step explanation:
After the fall of the Second Temple, two main Muslim holy sites were built on the Temple Mount: the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Dome of the Rock. The correct answer to the question is A) Dome of the Rock. The Dome of the Rock, completed in 691 CE, is not only one of the earliest surviving buildings of Islamic architecture but is also a monument with deep religious significance. It was constructed by 'Abd al-Malik to protect the sacred rock from which the Prophet Muhammad is believed to have ascended to heaven. Though often mistaken for a mosque, the Dome of the Rock is a shrine that holds great importance for Muslims, Jews, and Christians alike. It stands out with its iconic gilded gold dome and blue tile mosaics, dominating the skyline of Old Jerusalem.