Final answer:
The African country founded by freed American slaves and having a red, white, and blue flag is Liberia. The capital of Liberia is Monrovia, named after U.S. President James Monroe, reflecting the country's historical ties with the United States.
Step-by-step explanation:
The African country that was founded by freed American slaves and possesses a red, white, and blue flag is Liberia (Option A).
Liberia, situated on the west coast of Africa, was established in the early 19th century by white abolitionists and free people from the United States. This movement was a part of the broader "back to Africa" initiative.
The country's capital, Monrovia, is named after James Monroe, who was the President of the United States at that time and ironically, a slaveholder. Liberia's flag is reminiscent of the United States flag, reflecting its historical connections with America. It is the only African country with a flag bearing the red, white, and blue colors, which are traditionally associated with the United States. While other African nations, such as Ghana, also gained independence, they have distinct flags that do not resemble Liberia's.