Final answer:
The cocktail containing rye whiskey, sweet vermouth, and Angostura bitters is known as a Manhattan. It is a classic cocktail distinguished from other options listed by its specific mix of ingredients, none of which match the combination provided in the question.
Step-by-step explanation:
The cocktail described in the question is a classic Manhattan. This drink is made with rye whiskey, sweet vermouth, and Angostura bitters, which are the three components mentioned. To make a Manhattan, you typically mix 2 parts rye whiskey with 1 part sweet vermouth and a few dashes of Angostura bitters, then stir these ingredients with ice, strain into a chilled glass, and often garnish with a cherry.
The other options listed, such as the Old Fashioned, which usually contains bourbon or rye with muddled sugar and bitters, a Martini, made with gin or vodka and dry vermouth, and a Negroni, composed of gin, sweet vermouth, and Campari, do not fit the contents described in the question.
The correct option for the cocktail containing rye whiskey, sweet vermouth, and angostura is: A) Manhattan.