Question

Which of the three orders of Greek architecture was named for a specific city rather than a region:

A) Corinthian.
B) Doric.
C) Ionic.
D) Tuscan.

Answer 1

The Corinthian order is named after the Greek city-state of Corinth. It is known for its ornate capitals with acanthus leaves, contrasting with the simpler Doric and more slender Ionic orders, which are named after regions.

Step-by-step explanation:

Greek Architectural Orders

The Corinthian order is one of the three main orders of ancient Greek architecture, alongside the Doric and Ionic orders. Unlike the other two, the name 'Corinthian' is derived from the Greek city-state Corinth, as documented by the architectural writer Vitruvius. Corinthian is the most elaborate of the three orders, noted for its ornate capital embellished with acanthus leaves, which is said to have originated from a design by the sculptor Callimachus upon seeing a votive basket surrounded by acanthus leaves.

The Doric order is the simplest and earliest of the classical orders, characterized by a sturdy, fluted column with a plain capital. It forms a significant part of Greek architectural heritage, most famously represented by the Parthenon on the Acropolis in Athens, which combines both Doric and Ionic elements.

The Ionic order is recognized for its more graceful and slender proportions compared to the Doric order, with a capital featuring volutes (scroll-like ornaments). It was used in various significant ancient structures, such as the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus and the Erechtheion on the Athenian Acropolis.