Final answer:
The unexpected gains or losses that result from changes in the projected benefit obligation are called liability gains & losses.
The answer is option ⇒b
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct term for the unexpected gains or losses that result from changes in the projected benefit obligation is "actuarial gains and losses." These gains or losses occur when there are changes in the assumptions used to calculate the projected benefit obligation for employee benefits, such as pensions or healthcare.
For example, if the expected rate of return on plan assets differs from the actual rate of return, or if there are changes in the demographic assumptions (e.g., life expectancy), actuarial gains or losses may arise. These gains or losses are recognized in the financial statements and can have an impact on the company's financial position and performance.
The answer is option ⇒b