Final answer:
A monitor in computer science encapsulates shared data structures, procedures that operate on shared data, and synchronization between concurrent procedure invocations, so the correct answer is (d) all of the mentioned.
Step-by-step explanation:
In computer science, a monitor is a synchronization construct that allows threads to have both mutual exclusion and the ability to wait (block) for a certain condition to become true. Monitors include:
- Shared data structures: the data variables that are to be shared among concurrent processes or threads.
- Procedures that operate on the shared data structure: these are the methods which can be executed by concurrent threads to interact with the shared data.
- Synchronization between concurrent procedure invocations: this enables the threads to run without interfering with each other and ensures the consistency of the shared data.
A monitor encapsulates all of these features to prevent data races and other synchronization-related issues. As such, the correct answer to the student's question is (d) all of the mentioned.