Final answer:
The Ottoman Empire contributed to modern society through its architectural innovation, promotion of cultural exchange and influence on cuisine, and implementation of governance systems like the millet system that handled ethnic and religious diversity.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Ottoman Empire's contributions to modern society are numerous, ranging from architectural innovations to cultural and culinary influences. One of the most visible legacies is the architecture, exemplified by Istanbul's Suleymaniye Mosque, which synthesizes Islamic and Byzantine architectural elements. The Ottomans also played a role in the transition from the Middle Ages to the early modern period by conquering Constantinople, which facilitated the exchange between east and west and impacted the Renaissance through the rediscovery of ancient texts.
As they controlled key trade routes, their culinary practices influenced what we know today as "Middle Eastern" cuisine, which has in turn affected Western cuisine. Furthermore, the millet system they developed enabled diverse religious communities to maintain a degree of autonomy, influencing concepts of multi-ethnic governance. Lastly, efforts to modernize the military and bureaucracy, despite the empire's eventual decline, showed a drive towards reform and adaptation to changing times, setting a precedent for future states.