Final answer:
The most common enzymatic disorder of RBCs is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency, affecting oxidative protection in RBCs and causing anemia, mainly in African-American males.
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common enzymatic disorder of red blood cells (RBCs) is glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. G6PD is an essential enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway, which is crucial for protecting RBCs against oxidative damage by maintaining levels of NADPH and thus glutathione. Without sufficient G6PD, RBCs can prematurely break down leading to anemia. This disorder is particularly prevalent among African-American males in the United States. Carriers of the condition can exhibit symptoms when exposed to certain foods and medicines due to the resulting compromised oxidative defense in their erythrocytes