Final answer:
True, Plasmodium malaria (specifically Plasmodium falciparum) is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito, which can lead to severe anemia and potentially fatal symptoms.
Step-by-step explanation:
The statement that Plasmodium malaria is transmitted by the Anopheles mosquito is true. Malaria is a common parasitic disease caused by various Plasmodium species, including the most dangerous Plasmodium falciparum. This disease is predominantly transmitted by the bite of infected female mosquitoes of the species Anopheles gambiae, known as the African malaria mosquito. Once a person is bitten, the life cycle of the parasite begins with an exoerythrocytic stage in the liver cells, followed by an erythrocytic stage where it infects and destroys red blood cells, causing severe symptoms like high fevers, chills, and, in the case of P. falciparum, potentially fatal anemia.